Gum disease

Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums caused by microbial plaque accumulated on or near the gingival sulcus. (1) When plaque is not removed, it turns into a hard deposit called tartar (or calculus) that is trapped in the tooth base. The plaque and tartar irritate and inflame the gums. Bacteria and toxins they produce cause the gums to become infected, swollen and become sensitized. Redness and bleeding are the main signs of this oral disease.

Inadequate hygiene is the main causative factor, although other factors also associated such as gestation (hormonal changes increase the sensitivity of the gums), diabetes, viral infections or genetic conditions.

Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease. Usually it can be reversed with daily brushing and flossing and regular prophylaxis by a dentist or dental hygienist. Untreated gingivitis can lead to a more severe form called periodontitis. If you have periodontitis, gums detach from the teeth and form pockets that become infected. If left untreated, the gums and teeth tissue where the rest are destroyed because of the infection.

Link : uso del hilo dental 1. J Clin Periodontol. 1986 May;13(5):345-59.